The "FIASCO"* multidetector
(Florentine Initiative After
Superconducting Cyclotron Opening)
was specifically designed and built by the Heavy Ion Group of the INFN
and the Department of Physics of the University of Florence for
studying non-central collisions in heavy ion reactions at Fermi
energies (i.e. at bombarding energies between 15A MeV and 40A MeV)
with the beams delivered by the Superconducting Cyclotron
of the Laboratori Nazionali del Sud (LNS) of INFN in Catania (Italy).
The "FIASCO" multidetector is a low-threshold apparatus, optimized
for the investigation of peripheral to semi-central collisions in
heavy ion reactions at Fermi energies.
It consists of three types of detectors:
-
The first detector layer is a shell of 24 position-sensitive
Parallel Plate Avalanche Detectors (PPAD's), covering about 70% of
the forward hemisphere, which measure the velocity vectors of the
heavy (Z ≥ 10) reaction products.
-
Below and around the grazing angle, behind the most forward PPAD's,
there are 96 ΔE - E Silicon telescopes (with thickness of
200 and 500 μm, respectively);
they are mainly used to measure the energy of the
projectile-like fragment and to identify its charge and, via
the time-of-flight of the PPAD's, also its mass.
-
Finally, behind most of the PPAD's there are 158 (or 182, depending on
the configuration) scintillation detectors, mostly of the phoswich
type, which cover 25-30% of the forward hemisphere;
they identify both light charged particles (Z=1,2) and intermediate
mass fragments (3 ≤ Z ≤ 20), measuring also their
time-of-flight.
For more details see: M. Bini et al.,
Nucl. Instrum. & Methods in Phys. Res. A 515 (2003) 497.
* In Italian language, "fiasco" is the
long-necked straw-covered rounded glass bottle, traditionally used for
Chianti, Tuscany's most famous wine.
It dates back to 1200, its form having origin in vessels used in
Greek and Roman banquets.
The FIASCO setup has a similar shape,
with its bulbous body (the detectors around the target)
and the long neck ending in a big cork
(the detectors with long flight-paths at very forward angles).
We hope that the widespread and more recent meaning of
complete failure, big unsuccess (possibly coming from
Venetian glassblowers who turned any hand-crafted fine-blown
glassware with the slightest flaw into a simple utilitarian flask)
has nothing to do with our apparatus.
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